Jin Tao: A Small Help to Mozambique to Achieve Great Brilliance
文：《一带一路报道》全媒体记者 贾琪
8月17日，中央宣传部、国家卫生健康委联合发布2023年“最美医生”先进事迹，中国援外医疗队光荣入选。
2023年，正值中国援外医疗队派遣60周年、四川援外医疗47周年和习近平总书记提出“不畏艰苦、甘于奉献、救死扶伤、大爱无疆”的中国援外医疗队精神10周年。
四川是唯一承担向葡语国家派遣援外医疗队的省份，也是全国派遣医疗队所赴国家数量最多的省份。47年间，四川相继向阿联酋、佛得角、东帝汶等9个国家派遣85批医疗队、992名队员，诊治患者700多万人次。金涛便是这支绵延不断的队伍里一个微小而精彩的角色。
板寸发型、姜黄色POLO衫、走起路来风风火火、说话干脆利落，这是金涛留给记者的初印象。作为四川大学华西天府医院泌尿外科主任医师、副院长的金涛，日常工作异常繁忙，采访前半个小时，他不是临时参会，就是在接听工作电话。
坐回办公室，翻开昔日相册，忆及援外往事，金涛感慨道：“那是一段刻骨铭心、值得用一生去回忆的难忘经历，是一笔宝贵的精神财富。”
2018年12月，第22批援莫桑比克医疗队出征
源于仁心和实力
时间拨回到2019年1月15日，中国（四川）第22批援莫桑比克医疗队队长金涛与队友从气温只有4℃的成都出发，历经18小时飞行后，抵达了气温40℃的莫桑比克首都马普托，这让金涛感受到了冰与火的温差。
望着低矮破旧的医院外墙，缺乏硬件设施的科室以及每天只供应两三个小时用水的宿舍，金涛坦言：“初来乍到，大家或多或少都心有落差。”
好在事先已做足心理准备，经过短暂调适，在与老队员交接完工作、熟悉环境后，医疗队开启了在马普托中心医院的新篇章。
顺境成事，逆境炼人。在有限条件下的无限努力为金涛赢得了各方赞誉。
那是2019年8月28日，有别于常，马普托中心医院的手术室里挤满了人。众人屏气凝神，正在观摩莫桑比克第一台泌尿外科日间腹腔镜手术。
患者是来自该国伊尼扬巴内省的28岁青年男性桑切斯。10多年前，桑切斯体检时发现右肾包块，未予处理。10年后，包块逐渐扩大并出现右侧腰部胀痛。医院CT提示右肾囊肿可能，不能排除肾肿瘤。
尽管马普托中心医院是莫桑比克规模最大、设备配置最好、技术水平最高的医疗机构，但与世界一流的医疗机构相比，条件依然有限。因此，一开始当地医生准备采取开放手术处理，这意味着患者将面临创伤大、风险大、恢复慢的问题。
金涛在仔细阅片和详细询问了患者情况后，认为首先考虑右肾囊肿，其右肾肿瘤可能性极小，建议采取泌尿外科日间腹腔镜手术。“这样创伤更小、恢复更快、效果也更好。”金涛话音刚落，就遭到当地医生的反对，“不行。”“我们从来都没有这样做过。”
为打消众人顾虑，金涛一边普及日间手术理念及技巧，一边做好开放手术预案。最终，在保证患者生命安全的前提下，院方同意放手一搏。
院方与医疗队麻醉师艾米莉亚、秦素兰齐上阵，泌尿外科专家阿曼西奥扶镜，队员陈克霏协助金涛手术，医疗队翻译段勇现场翻译。此外，马普托中心医院泌尿外科全体医生、古巴援莫专家、手术室护士长、普外科主任、医院宣传部负责人等均现场观摩。
金涛知道，这是一场必须打赢的荣誉保卫战，容不得半点差池。在面对缺乏泌尿外科专用手术床、腹腔镜视野小且模糊、气腹压不佳的情况下，他一边小心手术，一边详细教学。在众人的通力协作下，半小时的时间手术顺利完成。
术毕，手术室掌声雷动。阿曼西奥伸出大拇指，道：“手术非常成功，中国医生技术确实高超。”患者更是一脸不可思议：“术后第一天就可以回家，太神奇了！”
这不仅是一台成功的首例泌尿外科日间腹腔镜手术，更是一堂生动的实践课。借助此次手术，金涛不仅转换了当地医务人员的思维模式，还促使该院首次引入日间手术诊治模式，门诊完成相关术前检查，入院即手术，以前需要住院半个月的病人，现在术后第一天便可康复出院，极大缩短了病人的住院时间，节约了医疗资源。
就这样，金涛敢想敢干，援外期间，共开展手术600余台，诊治各类患者2000余人次，并带领医疗队完成莫桑比克首例巨大肝癌切除术、首例小儿巨大肝囊肿及左半肝切除术、首例小儿腹腔镜腹盆腔探查术等多个“首例”，以实际行动彰显中国医疗技术，造福当地病患。
2019年8月28日，莫桑比克第一台泌尿外科腹腔镜日间手术现场
第一！基于创新和使命
谈话间，记者发现，金涛有个小习惯，就是思索的时候喜欢不自觉地皱眉。就在他一次次眉头微锁之际，一个个问题被看见、被直面、被解决。
如何让当地更多的民众及时获得最佳救治方案、更好地构建人类卫生健康共同体，是一直萦绕在金涛脑海中的问题。随着时间的推移，答案在日复一日的会诊中渐渐清晰。
由于当地医疗技术水平有限，治疗中不时遭遇困难，需要时常向华西医院申请援助。2019年4月1日，在金涛的牵线和促成下，“中国四川大学华西医院—莫桑比克马普托中心医院”国际远程会诊平台正式上线，并举行了华西医院与马普托医院的首次国际远程会诊。这是四川在非洲建立的第一个远程会诊平台，也是中国在莫桑比克的第一个远程会诊平台。同年8月1日，“中国四川大学华西医院-莫桑比克马普托中心医院”国际网络联盟医院正式挂牌，该医院是我国在莫桑比克建立的第一个国际网络联盟医院。
跨越亚非，远程平台和网络联盟医院的一端连接的是求医心切的患者，另一端则是来自华西相应科室的专家教授组成的强大“后援团”，使当地百姓不出国门就能享受到华西医院一流的医疗技术服务。
授人以鱼不如授人以渔。会诊之外，网络联盟医院还开展远程授课和培训，实时更新知识，提升医护人员的理论素养。同时，马普托中心医院的医务人员还可通过相关项目申请经费资助，到华西医院进修或短期交流访问，为当地打造一支“带不走的医疗队”。
一切工作都在金涛的规划中平稳有序开展。即使是在发生疫情的2020年，面对复杂严峻的形势，工作推进异常困难之际，金涛也从未泄气。完善防护措施、严格执行外出制度、坚决落实分餐制度，在确保驻地和医疗队员各方面安全的同时，金涛带领医疗队举办线上+线下的疫情防控宣讲、制定应急方案、国际远程会诊、捐赠抗疫物资……多措并举，协助莫方抗疫。
2020年4月22日，金涛应邀参加莫桑比克电视台访谈，在1个多小时的访谈中介绍了中国疫情防控最新进展并分享抗疫经验，现场演示如何正确戴、脱口罩，如何做好“七步洗手法”。
作为中国援外医疗队第一次接受莫桑比克电视专访、第一次将前列腺诊疗公益活动带到海外、第一次登上马普托中心医院官网……作为四川援外医疗队第一次登陆央视“新闻直播间”、第一次开设微信公众号定期发布保健知识、第一次利用微信进行健康问卷调查……这些个“第一”代表着中国援外医疗队的优秀，也体现出四川援外医疗队做出的显著成绩。
由于在援外工作中的突出表现，2020年6月24日，国家卫生健康委办公厅致函四川省卫生健康委及四川大学华西医院，对金涛所带医疗队进行点名表扬。2020年8月，金涛当选第三届“健康四川·大美医者”，成为此项活动开展以来第一位在援外期间获此殊荣的医务工作者。
2019年8月，中共-莫桑比克国际网络联盟医院建立
友谊！出于责任与大爱
“援外工作不容易，队员来自各个医院，队长要管理好这支队伍，全凭一腔大爱与一肩责任。”采访间隙，记者联系到医疗队队员郑琢，她坦言，在困难之际，金涛总是带头干、率先干，用实际行动感染大家。
2020年11月，金涛突发输尿管结石，每天痛到无法睡觉。国家卫生健康委已开始协调回国机票，但考虑到自己走后医疗队没了“主心骨”，金涛在有限条件下，通过跑步、排痰机辅助排石等方式硬生生将结石排了出来。
另一名队员，金涛华西医院的同事、好哥们儿陈克霏对此则有更深刻的体会。援外期间，金涛的父亲患上膀胱癌需要进行手术，但考虑到援外工作的使命和肩负的责任，金涛犹豫再三，放弃回国。身为儿子，未能在父亲患病期间陪伴在侧尽孝，金涛内心充满了遗憾。“表面上看不出他痛苦，但我知道他内心有多愧疚，每晚都跟家里视频，询问父亲的情况。”听闻记者采访金涛，下手术台后的陈克霏第一时间发来长串语音。
2021年1月15日，两年援外计划结束。马普托中心医院为医疗队精心准备了一场欢送会。两年的援外时光浓缩在8分钟的视频里，往日点滴一一闪现，众人眼里都含着泪水。会上，莫桑比克卫生部和马普托中心医院为医疗队队员联名颁发荣誉证书，并赠送印有医生姓名及专业的特制工作服。
会后，医疗队大部分队员根据轮换安排分批回国。考虑到当地疫情仍在蔓延，金涛和队员陈克霏、李正华选择坚守受援国，一边等待新队交接，一边借鉴中国防疫政策，指导当地方舱医院建设、重症病房的改造和病人的救治工作，继续帮助莫方渡过疫情难关。
莫桑比克前任卫生部副部长、现任马普托中心医院院长莫热尼奥·萨伊德道：“即使在疫情最艰难的时候，金涛及医疗队从未放弃过与我们的合作，这让我们感受到两国之间崇高的友谊。”
如今，金涛与莫桑比克的故事已落下帷幕。而援莫医疗队的故事仍在继续……
On August 17, the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee and the National Health Commission jointly released the meritorious deeds of “The Most Beautiful Doctors of 2023”, and China’s foreign aid medical team was honorably selected.
The year 2023 marks the 60th anniversary of China’s medical team, the 47th anniversary of Sichuan’s foreign medical aid, and the 10th anniversary of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s proposal of “being fearless of hardships, being willing to contribute, retrieving the dying and rescuing the wounded, and healing the world with great love”.
Sichuan is the only province to send medical teams to Portuguese-speaking countries, and compared to its counterparts in China, Sichuan’s medical teams serve the most number of countries. Over the past 47 years, Sichuan has sent 85 medical teams with 992 members to nine countries including the United Arab Emirates, Cape Verde, and Timor-Leste, diagnosing and treating more than 7 million patients. Among the medical workers offering foreign aid services, Jin Tao is an inconspicuous but amazing “footnote”.
Jin impressed the reporter with his board-inch haircut, ginger polo shirt, fast pace, and straightforward disposition. As Chief Physician of the Urology Department and Vice President of West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Jin is extremely busy every day. During the first half an hour of the interview, he either attended ad-hoc meetings or answered the phone.
Sitting back in the office, Jin opened his photo album and recalled the foreign aid. “It was an unforgettable experience worth remembering for a lifetime and a precious spiritual treasure.”
Because of benevolence and strength
On January 15, 2019, Jin, leader of the 22nd China (Sichuan) medical team to Mozambique, and his team members arrived at Maputo, the capital of Mozambique with a temperature of 40°C, after an 18-hour flight from Chengdu with a temperature of only 4°C. This made Jin feel the difference between the two countries immediately.
Looking at the low-rise and dilapidated hospital walls, departments lacking hardware facilities, and dormitories that only supplied water for two or three hours a day, Jin said frankly, “Everyone was more or less disappointed when we first arrived.”
Fortunately, with enough psychological preparations, the medical team members quickly started their new life in Maputo Central Hospital after the handover and adaptation.
Prosperity brings success, adversity shapes individuals. Unlimited efforts under limited conditions won praise from all sides for Jin.
It was August 28, 2019, and unusually the operating room at Maputo Central Hospital was packed. People held their breath as they watched Mozambique’s first daytime laparoscopic urological surgery.
The patient was Sanchez, a 28-year-old young man from Inhambane Province, Mozambique. More than 10 years ago, Sanchez found a mass on the right kidney during a physical examination but did not treat it. After a decade, the mass grew and caused swelling pain on the right side of his lower back. The CT scan suggested the possibility of a cyst on the right kidney, but it could also be a renal tumor.
Although Maputo Central Hospital was the largest, best-equipped, and most technically advanced medical institution in Mozambique, it was still far behind world-class hospitals. In the beginning, local doctors planned to perform an open surgery, which meant that the patient would face great trauma, high risk, and slow recovery.
After carefully reading the film and asking about the patient’s condition in detail, Jin thought that a cyst, instead of a tumor, on the right kidney should be considered first, and a daytime laparoscopic urological surgery was recommended. “It is less traumatic and more effective, and the patient can recover in a shorter time.” As soon as Jin finished his words, he was opposed by local doctors. “No.” “We have never done this before.”
To dispel people’s worries, Jin introduced the concept and skills of daytime surgery while making an open surgical plan. Finally, the hospital agreed to take a chance on the premise of ensuring the patient’s life safety.
The surgical team incorporated Jin, the surgeon, who was assisted by Chen Kefei, a member of the medical team, anesthesiologists of Maputo Central Hospital Emilia and the medical team Qin Sulan, urologist Amancio serving as an endoscopic assistant, and the medical team’s interpreter Duan Yong. Attendees included all urologists of Maputo Central Hospital, experts from Cuba to aid Mozambique, head nurses of operating rooms, the director of the General Surgery Department, and the head of the Publicity Department of the hospital.
Jin knew that this was a battle of honor to be won, and there was no room for any mistakes. Faced with the lack of a special operating bed for urology, limited and blurry field of view in the laparoscope, and poor pneumoperitoneal pressure, he carefully operated while teaching in detail. With cooperation, the operation was successfully completed in half an hour.
After the operation, there was thunderous applause in the operating room. Amancio gave the thumbs up and said, “The operation is very successful. Chinese doctors are really skilled.” The patient was even more surprised, “It is amazing that I can go home on the first day after surgery!”
This was not only the first successful daytime laparoscopic urological surgery but also an inspiring practice lesson. With this operation, Jin changed the thinking mode of local medical staff and encouraged the hospital to introduce the daytime surgery model. Patients could complete relevant preoperative examinations in the Outpatient Department and receive operation immediately after admission. Those who needed to be hospitalized for half a month could now recover and leave the hospital on the first day after surgery, greatly shortening their hospitalization and saving medical resources.
Jin dared to think and act. During his days in Mozambique, Jin carried out more than 600 operations, diagnosed and treated at least 2,000 patients of various types, and led the medical team to complete Mozambique’s first liver resection for giant liver tumors, the first pediatric giant liver cyst excision and left hemihepatectomy, the first pediatric pelvic laparoscopy, and other “first cases”, demonstrating China’s medical technology with practical actions and benefiting local patients.
No.1! Based on innovation and mission
During the interview, the reporter found that Jin had a habit of frowning unconsciously when thinking. As he frowned, problems were seen, confronted, and solved.
Jin had been thinking about how to make more local people get the best treatment in time and better build a community of health for mankind. Over time, the answers became clear in day-to-day consultations.
Underdeveloped medical technology in Maputo forced the medical team to turn to the West China Hospital of Sichuan University for help when meeting difficulties in treatment. On April 1, 2019, with the help of Jin, the “West China Hospital of Sichuan University in China-Maputo Central Hospital in Mozambique” International Teleconsultation Platform was officially launched, and the first teleconsultation between the two hospitals was held. This was the first teleconsultation platform established by Sichuan in Africa and China in Mozambique. On August 1, 2019, the “West China Hospital of Sichuan University in China-Maputo Central Hospital in Mozambique” International Network Alliance Hospital was officially inaugurated. It was the first hospital of this kind established by China in Mozambique.
From Asia to Africa, the teleconsultation platform and network alliance hospital connect eager patients and a group of experts and professors from corresponding departments in West China Hospital. Local people now can enjoy the first-class medical technical services of West China Hospital without going abroad.
As a Chinese saying goes, it is better to teach fishing than to offer fish. In addition to consultation, the network alliance hospital also offers remote teaching and training with updated knowledge, to improve the theoretical literacy of medical staff. At the same time, the medical staff of Maputo Central Hospital can also apply for financial support through relevant projects to West China Hospital for further study or short-term exchange visits. This move can help build a “medical team that cannot be taken away”.
Everything had been carried out smoothly and orderly according to Jin’s plan. Even in 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, Jin was never discouraged by the complicated and severe situation and the extreme difficulties in the progress of work. He led the medical team to hold online and offline pandemic prevention and control lectures, formulate emergency response plans, conduct international teleconsultation, and donate anti-pandemic supplies while improving protective measures, strictly enforcing the going-out system, and firmly implementing separated dining, to ensure the safety of the camp and medical team members. Multiple measures had been taken to assist Mozambique in the fight against COVID-19.
On April 22, 2020, Jin was invited to a one-hour interview with Television of Mozambique, during which he introduced China’s latest progress in pandemic prevention and control, shared the country’s anti-pandemic experience, and demonstrated how to correctly wear and take off masks and wash hands in seven steps.
The medical team was the first one from China to accept an exclusive TV interview in Mozambique, take prostate diagnosis and treatment public welfare activities overseas, and be covered on the official website of Maputo Central Hospital. It was also the first medical team from Sichuan to be reported by CCTV Live News, open a WeChat official account to regularly share health knowledge, and conduct a health questionnaire survey using WeChat. These “firsts” represented the excellence of China’s medical teams in offering foreign medical aid and also unveiled the remarkable achievements made by Sichuan’s medical teams.
Due to its outstanding performance in foreign medical aid, on June 24, 2020, the General Office of the National Health Commission sent a letter to the Sichuan Provincial Commission of Health and West China Hospital of Sichuan University to commend the medical team led by Jin. In August 2020, Jin was elected for the Third “Healthy Sichuan, Beautiful Doctors”, becoming the first medical worker to win this honor during foreign aid.
Friendship! Out of responsibility and love
“The foreign aid was challenging. The team members came from various hospitals, and the leader managed the team with love and a sense of responsibility.” During the interview, the reporter contacted Zheng Zuo, a member of the medical team. She said frankly that Jin always took the lead in standing up to difficulties, which encouraged everyone.
In November 2020, Jin could not sleep every night because of the intense pain caused by ureteral stones. The National Health Commission had already endeavored to buy flight tickets to help Jin back home. However, considering that the medical team had no “backbone” after he left, Jin removed stones with running and a mucus removal device.
Another team member, Chen Kefei, a colleague and good friend of Jin at West China Hospital, had a deeper understanding of this. During the foreign aid, Jin’s father suffered from bladder cancer and needed surgery. Yet, Jin decided not to return home at last as he thought about the mission and responsibilities of the medical team. As a son, Jin was filled with regrets for not being able to accompany his father. “He hid his pain well, but I knew how guilty he was. He videocalled home every night to ask about his father.” Hearing the reporter interview Jin, Chen immediately sent long voice messages after finishing an operation.
On January 15, 2021, the two-year foreign aid program ended. The Maputo Central Hospital prepared a farewell party for the medical team. An 8-minute video told stories about the past two years, moving everyone to tears. At the farewell party, the Ministry of Health of Mozambique and Maputo Central Hospital jointly awarded certificates of honor and presented special uniforms printed with doctors’ names and professions to members of the medical team.
After the party, most members of the medical team returned home in groups. However, given that the pandemic was still rampant in Maputo, Jin and his team members Chen and Li Zhenghua chose to stay in the recipient country. While waiting for the new medical team, they drew lessons from China’s pandemic prevention policies to assist in building makeshift hospitals, transforming general wards into intensive care units, and treating patients, to help Mozambique tide over the pandemic.
Mouzinho Saíde, former Deputy Minister of Health of Mozambique and now Director-General of Maputo Central Hospital, said, “Even at the most difficult time during the pandemic, Jin and his medical team never gave up on our cooperation, which makes us feel the friendship between the two countries.”
Now, although the story between Jin and Mozambique has come to an end, the story of the medical team to Mozambique continues.
来源：《一带一路报道（中英文）》2023年10月特刊
【未经授权，严禁转载！联系电话028-86968276】
